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刀盘存在的问题的解决上方法

2019-12-11 05:50

用科学方法解决上刀盘存在的问题

1. 存在的问题

上刀盘在机加工后对其进行符合性检验时,发现C槽和D槽的倾斜角d度数不正确。明明是按图中倾斜角d编程加工的,为什么会出现这种情况,是什么原因造成的呢?

2. 分析研究

只能从上刀盘的图样的审核、设备的选型、刀具的选择、工件的就位与定位、加工基准起点的确定和加工方法等整体机加工工艺的全过程入手,采用排除法逐项进行分析研究,找出其存在问题的原因并提出解决方法。

(1)图样方面。视图投影关系正确,尺寸标注准确,有没有什么不妥之处。

(2)设备的选型。采用带回转工作台的中型数控镗床。能满足用程序加工和分头要求,有没有什么不妥之处。

(3)刀具的选择。采用棒类立铣刀。能满足同时端面铣和圆周铣的要求,有没有什么不妥之处。

(4)上刀盘的就位和定位。通过三块等高垫块将上刀盘水平置于数控镗床的回转工作台上,用百分表按上刀盘外圆找正,调节上刀盘转动中心线与数控镗床回转工作台转动中心线同心后定位装夹。就位和定位方法符合加工法则中规定的准确要求,有没有什么不妥之处。

(5)E槽和F槽加工基准起点的确定

(6)E槽和F槽加工。按以上基准点为起点,以(L/2-B)分步进刀,按角度d为倾斜方向,采用两轴半方式编程,用棒铣刀加工E斜槽和F斜槽及相关A和B上面;工作台转90°。

3. 问题的发现和解决

从以上各项分析过程来看,好像是条条都有道理,但是问题毕竟存在,其原因到底处在哪里呢?困惑中笔者联想到上下刀盘转动剪切钢带的工作过程,其剪切过程类似于斜齿轮副传动,由于斜齿轮中任何一个斜齿条在不同的位置上时,在俯视图中投影的倾斜角度是不同的。

4. 符合性检验

(1)电子测量臂检验:由于数控镗床的精度等因素对加工准确度有一些影响,加工好的斜面槽是否符合设计要求,用常规方法对其进行检验难度很大。为保证检验的可靠性,本例选用精度很高的电子测量臂对各斜面槽和相隔度数进行检验,结果各尺寸均达到图样要求。

(2)实物安装检验:通过在用户现场对上刀盘和下刀盘及相关剪刃的安装,手动和空载转动试验,证实上刀盘和下刀盘中的剪刃在剪切点处位置正确,满足设计要求。

5. 结语

通过上述对上刀盘存在问题的分析,根据加工起点所处的具体位置,运用三视图投影原理找到了产生问题的根源,重新确定倾斜角d的度数。经过重新编程、加工,到圆满地安装试车达到设计要求。说明了一个道理:当遇见一个复杂的问题时不要畏惧,不要退缩,要用自己掌握的科学知识给与评判,提出符合客观实际的方式方法给以解决。

Solve the problem of upper cutter head with scientific method 1. When the cutter head is checked after machining, it is found that the angle D of C slot and d slot is not correct. Is clearly according to the Diagram d inclined programming processing, why this situation, what causes it? 2. The analysis and research can only start from the whole process of machining technology, such as the examination of the drawing of the upper cutter head, the selection of the equipment, the selection of the cutting tools, the positioning and positioning of the workpiece, the determination of the machining datum and the machining method By using the method of exclusion to analyze and study item by item, find out the reason of the existing problems and put forward the solution. (1) graphic aspect. The view is projected correctly, the dimensions are correct, and there is nothing wrong with it. (2) equipment selection. MEDIUM-SIZED CNC boring machine with rotary table. Can satisfy with the procedure processing and the separate request, has any improper place. (3) selection of cutting tools. End Mill with bar type. Can meet the requirements of both end milling and peripheral milling, there is nothing wrong with it. (4) the positioning and positioning of the upper cutter head. The upper cutter head is horizontally placed on the rotary table of the NC boring machine through three equal height spacers, and the outer circle of the upper cutter head is aligned with the dial indicator Adjust the center line of rotation of upper cutter head and the center line of rotation of NC boring machine. Positioning and positioning methods in line with the accuracy of the rules of processing requirements, there is no problem. (5) determination of the starting point for processing e and F slots (6) processing e and F slots. According to the above datum point as the starting point, with (L / 2-b) step-by-step Cutter, according to the Angle d as the inclined direction, using two-axis and half-way programming, using rod milling cutter to process e Chute and f Chute and related a and B above;. 3. The discovery and solution of the problem from the above analysis process, seems to be all reasonable, but the problem exists, the reason in the end where? In my perplexity, I think of the working process of cutting steel strip with up and down cutter disk, which is similar to the transmission of helical gear pair The tilt angle of the projection is different in the overhead view. 4. Conformity Test (1) electronic measuring arm test: Because the accuracy of NC boring machine and other factors have some impact on the accuracy of processing, whether the sloped groove meets the design requirements or not, it is very difficult to test it by conventional methods. In order to ensure the reliability of the inspection, the electronic measuring arm with high precision is selected to check the slope groove and the degree of separation. (2) in-kind installation inspection: through the installation of the upper and lower cutter disks and the related cutting edges on the user's site, manual and no-load rotation tests, it is proved that the cutting edges in the upper cutter disks and the lower cutter disks are in the correct position at the cutting point and meet the design requirements. 5. Conclusion through the above analysis of the problems on the cutter head, according to the specific position of the starting point of the machining, using the principle of three-view projection to find out the root of the problem, re-determine the degree of d inclination angle. After reprogramming, processing, to a successful installation test to meet the design requirements. It illustrates a truth: When encountering a complex problem, do not be afraid, do not shrink back, to use their own scientific knowledge to judge, put forward in line with the objective and practical ways to solve.